EXTERNAL PowerChat tips from Billing: consume billing.receipt.external (a tip on a creator's own PowerChat, announced by Billing once it receives the PowerChat webhook) and celebrate it the way Live's webhook did: recorded once by (provider, provider event id), settled, chat line "… tipped N Vibes: msg (PowerChat)" through Live's /internal/tips/deliveries (origin billing-external), overlay alert and goal (a Tips goal id or a Live goal id through the import map, else the only active goal); never counted as Billing money. npm run subscribe also creates the billing.receipt.* subscription; test/external.test.js

ddiff --git a/README.md b/README.md
iindex 4a295b6..5775fec 100644
---- a/README.md
++++ b/README.md
@@@ -35,7 +35,8 @@ from *interaction delivered*.
  ## Depends on
  
  - **OpenVibe.Billing** — `POST /api/v1/intents` (checkout), `POST /api/v1/transfers` (a tip from credit),
--  `billing.transaction.settled|reversed` events
++  `billing.transaction.settled|reversed` events, and `billing.receipt.external` (a tip on a creator's own
++  PowerChat, once Billing receives the PowerChat webhook)
  - **OpenVibe.Events** — Billing's events in (signed webhook + openvibe-sdk inbox), Tips' events out
    (openvibe-sdk transactional outbox)
  - **OpenVibe.Network** — SSO for people, service tokens, JWKS, identity resolve (importer)
@@@ -49,8 +50,8 @@ from *interaction delivered*.
  fnm exec --using=22.22.1 npm install
  cp .env.example .env            # OV_OAUTH_CLIENT_SECRET, TIPS_FORM_SECRET, TIPS_EVENTS_SECRET, …
  npm run dev                     # http://localhost:4610
--npm test                        # 6 files: stub Network/Billing/Events/Live, temp DBs, random ports
--npm run subscribe               # create the billing.transaction.* subscription in OpenVibe.Events
++npm test                        # 7 files: stub Network/Billing/Events/Live, temp DBs, random ports
++npm run subscribe               # create the billing.transaction.* and billing.receipt.* subscriptions in OpenVibe.Events
  node scripts/import-live.js --live-db <live snapshot> --billing-db <billing snapshot> [--dry-run] [--json]
  ```
  
@@@ -80,7 +81,7 @@ delivery record; a reversal before delivery cancels the queued effects (`tips.in
  | `credit` | `POST /transfers {from: supporter, to: creator, kind: tip\|paid_interaction, target: {service: tips, type: interaction, id}}`, `Idempotency-Key: tips:transfer:<id>` | the response (the settled event for that transaction is then a no-op) |
  | `checkout` | `POST /intents {kind: purchase, subject: supporter, bits: amount}`, key `tips:intent:<id>` → checkout URL | the purchase's `billing.transaction.settled` (metadata.intent_id) triggers the transfer above — CREDIT becomes MONEY only by giving it (ADR-012 rule 3) |
  | `provider` / origin `billing` | nothing — a donation settled in Billing that Tips did not start (Live's donate flow, a site-routed PowerChat tip) | recorded once by its Billing transaction id; overlay + goals, no second chat line |
--| `external` | nothing — a tip on the creator's own PowerChat (ADR-012 EXTERNAL) | `POST /api/v1/interactions/external`, once per (provider, provider_ref); never in Billing totals |
++| `external` | nothing — a tip on the creator's own PowerChat (ADR-012 EXTERNAL) | `POST /api/v1/interactions/external`, or Billing's `billing.receipt.external` (origin `billing-external`: Tips posts the chat line — `… tipped N Vibes: msg (PowerChat)` — plus overlay alert and goal, as Live's webhook did); once per (provider, provider_ref); never in Billing totals |
  | `none` (simulation) | nothing | at once, `test = 1`: full effect path, no goal contribution, no durable event, excluded from totals |
  
  **Exactly one logical interaction:** the inbox claims `(consumer, event_id)` in the same SQLite
@@@ -137,7 +138,13 @@ Produced through the openvibe-sdk outbox (table `event_outbox`, source `tips`, s
  change; relayed when `EVENTS_URL` and the client secret are set): `tips.interaction.ready`,
  `tips.interaction.failed`, `tips.interaction.cancelled`, `tips.goal.updated`, `tips.overlay.delivered`,
  `tips.overlay.failed`. Simulations and Billing test money produce none. Consumed:
--`billing.transaction.settled`, `billing.transaction.reversed` (only from source `billing`).
++`billing.transaction.settled`, `billing.transaction.reversed`, `billing.receipt.external` (only from source
++`billing`). `billing.receipt.external` (payload: `streamer` SubjectRef, `amount_cents`, `value_bits`,
++`donor_name` — null when `anonymous` — `message`, `provider`, `provider_event_id`, `app_purpose`/`app_ref`,
++`test`) is sent by Billing only once it is the money authority (`BILLING_AUTHORITY=billing` in
++billing.env); before that Live's own PowerChat webhook announces those tips, so nothing is announced
++twice. A `goal:<id>` in `app_purpose`/`app_ref` picks the goal: a Tips goal id, or a Live `donation_goals`
++id mapped by the Live import; otherwise Live's rule (the only active goal).
  
  ## Overlays
  
@@@ -198,6 +205,7 @@ a copy of Billing's database for the links and totals:
  | the creator can use openvibe.tips with Live offline | pages, API, overlays and settlement need no Live call (`test/pages.test.js`, `test/overlays.test.js` run with no Live); only the `live-chat` adapter talks to Live and its failure never touches payment (`test/delivery.test.js`) — **not yet demonstrated on the real host** |
  | creator totals reconcile exactly to Billing | `test/import.test.js` (fixtures in Live's schema and Billing's importer keys; a Billing donation Tips never saw is reported, then reconciles once its event arrives); `test/api.test.js` (totals = the stub Billing payable) |
  | simulation never counted; token revocation immediate; goals from settled only; reversal keeps the delivery record | `test/overlays.test.js`, `test/api.test.js`, `test/settlement.test.js` |
++| an EXTERNAL PowerChat tip Billing announced is celebrated once: Live chat line, overlay, goal; never Billing money | `test/external.test.js` (redelivery and republish, same key as `POST /interactions/external`, Tips and Live goal ids, anonymous, test receipts, malformed payloads) |
  
  ## What waits
  
@@@ -205,8 +213,11 @@ a copy of Billing's database for the links and totals:
    still happen on Live; Tips can only record them from Billing events once Live sends donations as
    Billing transfers. For PowerChat checkout, Billing answers with a `checkout_ref` and no URL — Tips needs
    `TIPS_POWERCHAT_LINK_TEMPLATE` or Billing returning the link.
--- **EXTERNAL PowerChat tips** reach Billing's webhook, which records them with no effect and no event;
--  until Billing emits one (or Live forwards them with `tips.interaction.record`), Tips does not see them.
++- **EXTERNAL PowerChat tips** arrive as `billing.receipt.external` once Billing is the authority. They need
++  the `billing.receipt.*` subscription (`npm run subscribe`) and `TIPS_CHAT_ADAPTER=live-chat`; Live's
++  `/internal/tips/deliveries` posts the chat line and plays the alert but does not advance **Live's own**
++  `donation_goals` or send its `goal-update`/`goal-reached` frames (Tips' goals and overlay do advance).
++  PowerChat follow/host/channel-points/subscription notices are not forwarded by anyone.
  - **Chat**: `live-chat` needs `TIPS_CHAT_ADAPTER=live-chat` after the cutover (Live's route is deployed); OpenVibe.Chat has no public
    paid-message/TTS capability yet. The Live patch's media-request path (yt-dlp/oEmbed) is not covered by
    its test.
ddiff --git a/docs/service-manifest-proposal.json b/docs/service-manifest-proposal.json
iindex f047c1d..e1d3ecf 100644
---- a/docs/service-manifest-proposal.json
++++ b/docs/service-manifest-proposal.json
@@@ -42,7 +42,8 @@
    ],
    "eventsConsumed": [
      "billing.transaction.settled",
--    "billing.transaction.reversed"
++    "billing.transaction.reversed",
++    "billing.receipt.external"
    ],
    "namespacesOwned": [
      "tips.*"
ddiff --git a/scripts/subscribe.js b/scripts/subscribe.js
iindex 9bb61c2..bb341d4 100644
---- a/scripts/subscribe.js
++++ b/scripts/subscribe.js
@@@ -1,10 +1,13 @@
  #!/usr/bin/env node
  'use strict';
  /**
-- * Create Tips' OpenVibe.Events subscription for Billing's settlement events.
++ * Create Tips' OpenVibe.Events subscriptions for Billing's events: settlements (billing.transaction.*)
++ * and EXTERNAL receipts (billing.receipt.*, tips on a creator's own PowerChat).
   *
   *   node scripts/subscribe.js [--endpoint http://127.0.0.1:4610/internal/events] [--pattern 'billing.transaction.*']
   *
++ * Without --pattern both subscriptions are made (an existing one is reported, not duplicated).
++ *
   * Reads the environment (.env or /etc/openvibe/tips.env): EVENTS_URL, OV_NETWORK_INTERNAL_URL,
   * OV_OAUTH_CLIENT_ID, OV_OAUTH_CLIENT_SECRET (the tips principal needs events.subscription.manage for
   * audience openvibe.events) and TIPS_EVENTS_SECRET — the delivery signing secret, handed to Events
@@@ -21,7 +24,7 @@ const opt = (name, d) => { const i = args.indexOf(`--${name}`); return i >= 0 ?
  (async () => {
      const config = loadConfig();
      const endpoint = opt('endpoint', `http://127.0.0.1:${config.port}/internal/events`);
--    const pattern = opt('pattern', 'billing.transaction.*');
++    const patterns = opt('pattern') ? [opt('pattern')] : ['billing.transaction.*', 'billing.receipt.*'];
      const secret = config.events.webhookSecrets[0];
      if (!config.events.url) throw new Error('EVENTS_URL is not set');
      if (!secret || secret.length < 32) throw new Error('TIPS_EVENTS_SECRET must be set (32+ characters) before subscribing');
@@@ -30,13 +33,15 @@ const opt = (name, d) => { const i = args.indexOf(`--${name}`); return i >= 0 ?
          tokenUrl: `${config.network.internalUrl}/oauth/token`, clientId: config.oauth.clientId, clientSecret: config.oauth.clientSecret,
          audience: 'openvibe.events', scope: 'events.subscription.manage',
      });
--    const res = await fetch(`${config.events.url}/api/v1/subscriptions`, {
--        method: 'POST',
--        headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', ...(await tokens.authHeaders()) },
--        body: JSON.stringify({ topic_pattern: pattern, endpoint, secret }),
--    });
--    const body = await res.json().catch(() => ({}));
--    if (res.status === 409 && body.subscription_id) { console.log(`subscription exists: ${body.subscription_id} (${pattern} → ${endpoint})`); return; }
--    if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Events answered ${res.status}: ${body.code || ''} ${body.detail || ''}`.trim());
--    console.log(`subscribed: ${body.id} (${pattern} → ${endpoint}). Replay history with POST /api/v1/deliveries/replay { subscription_id, from_seq }.`);
++    for (const pattern of patterns) {
++        const res = await fetch(`${config.events.url}/api/v1/subscriptions`, {
++            method: 'POST',
++            headers: { 'Content-Type': 'application/json', ...(await tokens.authHeaders()) },
++            body: JSON.stringify({ topic_pattern: pattern, endpoint, secret }),
++        });
++        const body = await res.json().catch(() => ({}));
++        if (res.status === 409 && body.subscription_id) { console.log(`subscription exists: ${body.subscription_id} (${pattern} → ${endpoint})`); continue; }
++        if (!res.ok) throw new Error(`Events answered ${res.status} for ${pattern}: ${body.code || ''} ${body.detail || ''}`.trim());
++        console.log(`subscribed: ${body.id} (${pattern} → ${endpoint}). Replay history with POST /api/v1/deliveries/replay { subscription_id, from_seq }.`);
++    }
  })().catch((err) => { console.error(`subscribe failed: ${err.message}`); process.exit(1); });
ddiff --git a/server/db.js b/server/db.js
iindex 9c509ff..86546ac 100644
---- a/server/db.js
++++ b/server/db.js
@@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ CREATE TABLE IF NOT EXISTS tip_interactions (
      legacy_source       TEXT,                               -- 'live:transactions:<id>' etc.
      idempotency_key     TEXT UNIQUE,
      failure             TEXT,
--    origin              TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'tips',       -- tips | billing (settled elsewhere) | external | import
++    origin              TEXT NOT NULL DEFAULT 'tips',       -- tips | billing (settled elsewhere) | external | billing-external (announced by Billing, delivered here) | import
      transfer_due        INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,         -- a Billing transfer still has to be (re)tried
      transfer_attempts   INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
      next_transfer_at    INTEGER NOT NULL DEFAULT 0,
ddiff --git a/server/domain/effects.js b/server/domain/effects.js
iindex a91e7b2..75a0b1e 100644
---- a/server/domain/effects.js
++++ b/server/domain/effects.js
@@@ -27,7 +27,8 @@ function createEffects(ctx) {
              creator: { type: 'user', id: i.creator_subject, handle: profile ? profile.handle : null },
              supporter: { name, subject: i.supporter_subject ? { type: 'user', id: i.supporter_subject } : null },
              interaction: { id: i.id, kind: i.kind, amount: i.amount, currency: i.currency, message: i.message || null },
--            text: `${name} tipped ${amount} Vibes${i.message ? `: ${i.message}` : ''}`,
++            // A tip on the creator's own PowerChat reads as Live's webhook wrote it: "… (PowerChat)".
++            text: `${name} tipped ${amount} Vibes${i.message ? `: ${i.message}` : ''}${i.settlement === 'external' && i.provider === 'powerchat' ? ' (PowerChat)' : ''}`,
              target: json(i.target, null),
          };
          if (effect.effect === 'paid_message') job.highlight_seconds = req.highlight_seconds || 0;
ddiff --git a/server/domain/interactions.js b/server/domain/interactions.js
iindex 78fc687..3916bfa 100644
---- a/server/domain/interactions.js
++++ b/server/domain/interactions.js
@@@ -21,6 +21,10 @@
   *                     a site-routed PowerChat tip) is recorded once, by its Billing transaction id.
   *   external          a tip on the creator's own PowerChat account: no Billing liability; recorded
   *                     once by (provider, provider_ref); never part of the Billing reconciliation.
++ *                     Two ways in: POST /interactions/external (a service records it), or Billing's
++ *                     billing.receipt.external once Billing receives the PowerChat webhook — then
++ *                     nobody else announces it, so Tips delivers the chat line itself (origin
++ *                     'billing-external'), exactly as Live's webhook did: chat line + alert, goal.
   *   simulated         the whole effect path with test = 1: no Billing call, no goal contribution,
   *                     no durable event, excluded from every total.
   *
@@@ -33,6 +37,11 @@ const { VOICES } = require('./profiles');
  const { BillingCallError } = require('../billing-client');
  
  const KINDS = ['tip', 'paid_message', 'tts', 'media_request'];
++// Origins whose chat effects Tips delivers: its own requests, and EXTERNAL tips Billing announced
++// (their only announcement since the PowerChat webhook moved from Live to Billing).
++const ANNOUNCED_HERE = ['tips', 'billing-external'];
++const SUBJECT_RE = /^usr_[0-9A-HJKMNP-TV-Z]{26}$/;
++const MAX_EXTERNAL_CENTS = 100_000_000;   // Billing's per-receipt maximum
  // Paid-message highlight time by amount (bits): the bigger the message, the longer it stays up.
  const HIGHLIGHT = [[5000, 300], [1000, 120], [500, 60], [100, 30]];
  const highlightFor = (bits) => (HIGHLIGHT.find(([min]) => bits >= min) || [0, 0])[1];
@@@ -251,7 +260,7 @@ function createInteractions(ctx) {
          // Chat effects: never for imports (history), never twice for a donation another product already
          // announced (origin billing), never to a real chat room for a simulation.
          const adapter = test ? 'test' : config.chat.adapter;
--        if (i.origin === 'tips' && adapter !== 'none') {
++        if (ANNOUNCED_HERE.includes(i.origin) && adapter !== 'none') {
              if (i.kind === 'tip') addEffect(i, 'chat_line', adapter);
              if (i.kind === 'paid_message') addEffect(i, 'paid_message', adapter);
              if (i.kind === 'tts') { addEffect(i, 'chat_line', adapter); addEffect(i, 'tts', adapter); }
@@@ -379,6 +388,55 @@ function createInteractions(ctx) {
          return get(id);
      }
  
++    /**
++     * The goal a PowerChat tip asked for: its app_purpose/app_ref carries `goal:<id>` — a Tips goal id,
++     * or a Live donation_goals id (links minted by Live), which the Live import mapped to a Tips goal.
++     * goals.contribute() still checks it is the creator's and active, else falls back to Live's rule.
++     */
++    function goalFromPurpose(...refs) {
++        for (const v of refs) {
++            const m = String(v || '').match(/(?:^|[:_-])goal[:_-]?([A-Za-z0-9_]+)/i);
++            if (!m) continue;
++            if (/^\d+$/.test(m[1])) {
++                const map = db.prepare("SELECT target_id FROM migration_maps WHERE source = 'live' AND source_table = 'donation_goals' AND source_id = ? AND status = 'imported'").get(m[1]);
++                if (map && map.target_id) return map.target_id;
++                continue;
++            }
++            return m[1];
++        }
++        return null;
++    }
++
++    /**
++     * Billing announced an EXTERNAL receipt (billing.receipt.external): a tip paid on the creator's own
++     * PowerChat. Inside the inbox transaction. Recorded once by (provider, provider event id) — the same
++     * key POST /interactions/external uses — settled at once (the provider already confirmed it), and
++     * announced by Tips: chat line through the chat adapter, overlay alert, goal contribution.
++     */
++    function onBillingExternal(p) {
++        const provider = String(p.provider || '').toLowerCase();
++        const ref = String(p.provider_event_id || '').trim();
++        if (!/^[a-z][a-z0-9_-]{1,39}$/.test(provider) || !ref || ref.length > 200) return 'ignored:no_reference';
++        const creator = p.streamer && p.streamer.type === 'user' && SUBJECT_RE.test(String(p.streamer.id || '')) ? p.streamer.id : null;
++        if (!creator) return 'ignored:no_streamer';
++        const cents = Number(p.amount_cents);
++        if (!Number.isSafeInteger(cents) || cents < 1 || cents > MAX_EXTERNAL_CENTS) return 'ignored:no_amount';
++        if (db.prepare('SELECT 1 FROM tip_interactions WHERE provider = ? AND provider_ref = ?').get(provider, ref)) return 'duplicate_receipt';
++        // Goals and the chat line count Vibes: the value Billing put on the money (1 bit = 1 cent today).
++        const bits = Number(p.value_bits);
++        const amount = Math.min(Number.isSafeInteger(bits) && bits > 0 ? bits : cents, config.limits.maxBits);
++        const message = p.message ? String(p.message).replace(/\r\n?/g, '\n').trim().slice(0, config.limits.messageChars) || null : null;
++        const goalId = goalFromPurpose(p.app_purpose, p.app_ref);
++        const i = insert({
++            id: prefixedId('tint', ctx.now()), creator_subject: creator, supporter_subject: null,
++            supporter_name: p.anonymous ? 'Anonymous' : (displayName(p.donor_name) || 'Someone'), kind: 'tip', amount, amount_cents: cents,
++            message, request: goalId ? { goal_id: goalId } : {}, funding: 'external', settlement: 'external', payment_state: 'pending',
++            delivery_state: 'awaiting_payment', provider, provider_ref: ref, origin: 'billing-external', test: p.test ? 1 : 0,
++        });
++        settle(i);
++        return 'recorded_external';
++    }
++
      // ── External and simulated ───────────────────────────────
      /** A tip on the creator's own PowerChat (EXTERNAL, ADR-012): recorded once by provider ref. */
      function recordExternal(profile, input) {
@@@ -489,7 +547,7 @@ function createInteractions(ctx) {
  
      return {
          get, byBillingTxn, validate, request, transfer, startCheckout, processDueTransfers, settleByTransaction, settle, failPayment,
--        onBillingSettled, onBillingReversed, cancelQueued, recomputeDelivery, recordExternal, simulate, summary, present, list, totals, insert, KINDS,
++        onBillingSettled, onBillingReversed, onBillingExternal, cancelQueued, recomputeDelivery, recordExternal, simulate, summary, present, list, totals, insert, KINDS,
      };
  }
  
ddiff --git a/server/events/consumer.js b/server/events/consumer.js
iindex b81bfd6..cd1833c 100644
---- a/server/events/consumer.js
++++ b/server/events/consumer.js
@@@ -1,14 +1,18 @@
  'use strict';
  
  /**
-- * Billing → Tips: POST /internal/events, the endpoint of Tips' OpenVibe.Events subscription
-- * (topic pattern `billing.transaction.*`, created by scripts/subscribe.js).
++ * Billing → Tips: POST /internal/events, the endpoint of Tips' OpenVibe.Events subscriptions
++ * (topic patterns `billing.transaction.*` and `billing.receipt.*`, created by scripts/subscribe.js).
   *
   *   billing.transaction.settled   a donation targeting a Tips interaction settles it; a donation Tips
   *                                 did not start is recorded once; a purchase that funds a Tips
   *                                 checkout triggers the transfer
   *   billing.transaction.reversed  flips the interaction's payment state; undelivered effects are
   *                                 cancelled, delivered ones stay on record
++ *   billing.receipt.external      a tip on the creator's own PowerChat (EXTERNAL, no Billing money):
++ *                                 recorded once by (provider, provider event id) and announced by Tips —
++ *                                 chat line, overlay alert, goal. Billing sends it only once it is the
++ *                                 money authority (while Live is, Live's webhook announces the tip)
   *
   * Exactly once, twice over: the openvibe-sdk inbox claims (consumer, event_id) in the same SQLite
   * transaction as the change, so a redelivered event does nothing; and the Billing transaction id is
@@@ -37,6 +41,7 @@ function consumerRouter({ domain, config, log = console }) {
                  const payload = event.payload && typeof event.payload === 'object' ? event.payload : {};
                  if (event.event_type === 'billing.transaction.settled') return domain.interactions.onBillingSettled(payload);
                  if (event.event_type === 'billing.transaction.reversed') return domain.interactions.onBillingReversed(payload);
++                if (event.event_type === 'billing.receipt.external') return domain.interactions.onBillingExternal(payload);
                  return 'ignored:type';
              });
              return r.duplicate ? { duplicate: true, outcome: null } : { duplicate: false, outcome: r.result };
ddiff --git a/test/external.test.js b/test/external.test.js
nnew file mode 100644
iindex 0000000..a1eb55c
---- /dev/null
++++ b/test/external.test.js
@@@ -0,0 +1,120 @@
++'use strict';
++// EXTERNAL PowerChat tips announced by Billing (billing.receipt.external): once the PowerChat webhook
++// points at Billing, Live no longer celebrates a tip on a streamer's own PowerChat, so Tips does —
++// the chat line through Live's /internal/tips/deliveries (as Live's webhook wrote it), the overlay
++// alert and the goal — exactly once per provider payment, and never counted as Billing money.
++const assert = require('assert');
++const { ids } = require('openvibe-contracts');
++const { boot, check, done } = require('./helpers/app');
++
++(async () => {
++    const t = await boot({ live: true });
++    const { domain, live } = t;
++    const alex = await t.creator('alex');
++    console.log('external receipts');
++
++    /** billing.receipt.external as Billing's ops/external.js writes it. */
++    const receipt = (fields = {}, { streamer = alex.subject } = {}) => {
++        const paymentId = fields.provider_event_id || `don-${Math.random().toString(36).slice(2)}`;
++        return {
++            event_id: ids.newId('event'), event_type: 'billing.receipt.external', version: 1, source: 'billing', actor: { type: 'service', id: 'billing' },
++            timestamp: new Date().toISOString(), priority: 'important', visibility: 'internal', subject: { type: 'provider_receipt', id: `powerchat:${paymentId}` },
++            payload: {
++                classification: 'EXTERNAL', provider: 'powerchat', receipt_ref: `powerchat:${paymentId}`, provider_event_id: paymentId, delivery_id: `dlv-${paymentId}`,
++                streamer: { type: 'user', id: streamer }, receiving_account: { provider: 'powerchat', id: 'pc-1', username: 'alexpc' },
++                amount_cents: 500, currency: 'usd-cents', value_bits: 500, donor_name: 'Fan', anonymous: false, message: null,
++                app_ref: null, app_purpose: null, occurred_at: new Date().toISOString(), test: false, rates: { bits_per_usd: 100 }, ...fields,
++            },
++        };
++    };
++    const byRef = (ref) => t.db.prepare("SELECT * FROM tip_interactions WHERE provider = 'powerchat' AND provider_ref = ?").get(ref);
++
++    let first;
++    await check('an EXTERNAL receipt is recorded, settled and announced in Live chat as Live\'s webhook wrote it', async () => {
++        const g = await t.call('POST', '/api/v1/goals', { user: alex, body: { title: 'New camera', target_amount: 5000 } });
++        assert.strictEqual(g.status, 201, g.text);
++        first = receipt({ provider_event_id: 'ext-1', amount_cents: 1234, value_bits: 1234, donor_name: 'Generous Fan', message: 'love the stream' });
++        const r = await t.deliver(first);
++        assert.strictEqual(r.status, 200, JSON.stringify(r.json));
++        assert.strictEqual(r.json.outcome, 'recorded_external');
++        const i = byRef('ext-1');
++        assert.deepStrictEqual([i.creator_subject, i.kind, i.amount, i.amount_cents, i.supporter_name, i.message], [alex.subject, 'tip', 1234, 1234, 'Generous Fan', 'love the stream']);
++        assert.deepStrictEqual([i.funding, i.settlement, i.origin, i.payment_state, i.billing_txn_id], ['external', 'external', 'billing-external', 'settled', null]);
++        await domain.effects.drain();
++        const d = live.deliveries.filter((x) => x.job.interaction.id === i.id);
++        assert.strictEqual(d.length, 1);
++        assert.deepStrictEqual([d[0].key, d[0].job.effect, d[0].job.test], [`${i.id}:chat_line`, 'chat_line', false]);
++        assert.strictEqual(d[0].job.text, 'Generous Fan tipped 1,234 Vibes: love the stream (PowerChat)');
++        assert.deepStrictEqual(d[0].job.creator, { type: 'user', id: alex.subject, handle: 'alex' });
++        const effects = t.db.prepare('SELECT effect, state FROM interaction_effects WHERE interaction_id = ? ORDER BY id').all(i.id);
++        assert.deepStrictEqual(effects, [{ effect: 'overlay_alert', state: 'delivered' }, { effect: 'chat_line', state: 'delivered' }]);
++        const goal = domain.goals.present(domain.goals.get(g.json.goal.id));
++        assert.strictEqual(goal.current_amount, 1234, 'the sole active goal advances, as on Live');
++        assert.ok(t.outboxRows('tips.goal.updated').some((e) => e.payload.interaction_id === i.id));
++        assert.ok(t.outboxRows('tips.interaction.ready').some((e) => e.subject.id === i.id));
++    });
++
++    await check('a redelivery or a republish of the same payment announces nothing more', async () => {
++        assert.strictEqual((await t.deliver(first)).json.duplicate, true);
++        const again = await t.deliver({ ...first, event_id: ids.newId('event') });
++        assert.deepStrictEqual([again.json.duplicate, again.json.outcome], [false, 'duplicate_receipt']);
++        const viaApi = await t.call('POST', '/api/v1/interactions/external', { cap: ['tips.interaction.record'], body: { creator: 'alex', provider: 'powerchat', provider_ref: 'ext-1', amount_cents: 1234 } });
++        assert.strictEqual(viaApi.json.duplicate, true, 'the same key as POST /interactions/external');
++        await domain.effects.drain();
++        assert.strictEqual(t.db.prepare("SELECT COUNT(*) AS n FROM tip_interactions WHERE provider_ref = 'ext-1'").get().n, 1);
++        assert.strictEqual(live.deliveries.filter((x) => x.job.interaction.id === byRef('ext-1').id).length, 1);
++    });
++
++    await check('EXTERNAL money stays out of the Billing total', async () => {
++        const totals = domain.interactions.totals(alex.subject);
++        assert.strictEqual(totals.external, 1234);
++        assert.strictEqual(totals.settled_via_billing, 0);
++    });
++
++    await check('the goal the tip asked for: a Tips goal id, or a Live goal id through the import map', async () => {
++        const a = (await t.call('POST', '/api/v1/goals', { user: alex, body: { title: 'Desk', target_amount: 900 } })).json.goal;
++        const b = (await t.call('POST', '/api/v1/goals', { user: alex, body: { title: 'Chair', target_amount: 900 } })).json.goal;
++        await t.deliver(receipt({ provider_event_id: 'ext-goal-tips', amount_cents: 100, value_bits: 100, app_purpose: `goal:${a.id}` }));
++        t.db.prepare(`INSERT INTO migration_maps (source, source_table, source_id, target_type, target_id, status, run_id, created_at, updated_at)
++            VALUES ('live', 'donation_goals', '12', 'goal', ?, 'imported', 'imp_test', ?, ?)`).run(b.id, new Date().toISOString(), new Date().toISOString());
++        await t.deliver(receipt({ provider_event_id: 'ext-goal-live', amount_cents: 200, value_bits: 200, app_purpose: 'goal:12' }));
++        await t.deliver(receipt({ provider_event_id: 'ext-goal-none', amount_cents: 300, value_bits: 300 }));
++        assert.strictEqual(domain.goals.present(domain.goals.get(a.id)).current_amount, 100);
++        assert.strictEqual(domain.goals.present(domain.goals.get(b.id)).current_amount, 200);
++        assert.strictEqual(t.db.prepare('SELECT COUNT(*) AS n FROM tip_goal_contributions WHERE interaction_id = ?').get(byRef('ext-goal-none').id).n, 0, 'several active goals and no pick: none (Live\'s rule)');
++    });
++
++    await check('anonymous: no donor name; a creator with no tip page is still announced', async () => {
++        const bob = t.network.newUser('bob');
++        await t.deliver(receipt({ provider_event_id: 'ext-anon', donor_name: null, anonymous: true, message: 'hi' }, { streamer: bob.subject }));
++        const i = byRef('ext-anon');
++        assert.deepStrictEqual([i.creator_subject, i.supporter_name], [bob.subject, 'Anonymous']);
++        await domain.effects.drain();
++        const d = live.deliveries.find((x) => x.job.interaction.id === i.id);
++        assert.strictEqual(d.job.text, 'Anonymous tipped 500 Vibes: hi (PowerChat)');
++        assert.strictEqual(d.job.creator.handle, null);
++    });
++
++    await check('a test receipt never reaches Live chat or a goal', async () => {
++        const before = live.deliveries.length;
++        await t.deliver(receipt({ provider_event_id: 'ext-test', test: true }));
++        await domain.effects.drain();
++        const i = byRef('ext-test');
++        assert.strictEqual(i.test, 1);
++        assert.strictEqual(live.deliveries.length, before);
++        assert.strictEqual(t.adapters.test.jobs.filter((j) => j.interaction.id === i.id).length, 1);
++        assert.strictEqual(t.db.prepare('SELECT COUNT(*) AS n FROM tip_goal_contributions WHERE interaction_id = ?').get(i.id).n, 0);
++    });
++
++    await check('malformed or foreign receipts are ignored, not recorded', async () => {
++        const n = t.db.prepare('SELECT COUNT(*) AS n FROM tip_interactions').get().n;
++        assert.strictEqual((await t.deliver(receipt({ streamer: { type: 'user', id: '42' } }))).json.outcome, 'ignored:no_streamer');
++        assert.strictEqual((await t.deliver(receipt({ amount_cents: 1e20 }))).json.outcome, 'ignored:no_amount');
++        assert.strictEqual((await t.deliver(receipt({ provider_event_id: '' }))).json.outcome, 'ignored:no_reference');
++        assert.strictEqual((await t.deliver({ ...receipt(), source: 'live' })).json.outcome, 'ignored:source');
++        assert.strictEqual(t.db.prepare('SELECT COUNT(*) AS n FROM tip_interactions').get().n, n);
++    });
++
++    await t.close();
++    done();
++})().catch((e) => { console.error(e); process.exit(1); });